Pembahasan Soal UM UGM MAT IPA 2019 Kode Soal 624 (Limit)

$ \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{1-\cos 4x^2}}{1-\cos 2x} = .... $
A). $ 1 \, $
 B). $ \sqrt{2} \, $
 C). $ 2 \, $
 D). $ 2\sqrt{2} \, $
 E). $ 4 \, $

Cara I

Catatan
Untuk menyelesaikan soal limit bentuk tak tentu ($ \frac{0}{0}$) khusus fungsi trigonometri yaitu dengan menggunakan sifat limit fungsi trigonometri :
Sifat-sifat limit fungsi trigonometri :
$ \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sin a x}{bx} = \frac{a}{b} \, $ dan $ \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{ a x}{\sin bx} = \frac{a}{b} $
Rumus dasar trigonometri :
$ \cos p A = 1 - 2\sin ^2 \frac{p}{2} A $
atau
$ 1 - \cos p A = 2 \sin ^2 \frac{p}{2} A $
Sifat bentuk akar : $ \sqrt{a.b} = \sqrt{a}. \sqrt{b} $

Jawab
Mengubah bentuk trigonometrinya :
$\begin{align} 1 - \cos 4 x^2 & = 2\sin ^2 \frac{4}{2} x^2 \\ & = 2 \sin ^2 2x^2 \\ 1 - \cos 2x & = 2\sin ^2 \frac{2}{2} x \\ & = 2\sin ^2 x \end{align} $
Menyelesaikan limitnya :
$\begin{align} & \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{1-\cos 4x^2}}{1-\cos 2x} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{2 \sin ^2 2x^2}}{2\sin ^2 x} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{2}. \sqrt{ \sin ^2 2x^2}}{2\sin x \sin x} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{2}. \sin 2x^2}{2\sin x \sin x} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{2}. \sin 2x^2}{2\sin x \sin x} \times \frac{x^2}{x^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}. \frac{ \sin 2x^2}{x^2} . \frac{x}{\sin x}. \frac{x}{\sin x} \\ & = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}. \frac{2}{1} . \frac{1}{1}. \frac{1}{1} \\ & = \sqrt{2} \end{align} $
Jadi, hasilnya $ \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{1-\cos 4x^2}}{1-\cos 2x} = \sqrt{2} . $

Cara 2

Catatan
*). Rumus Cepat untuk bentuk limit trigonometri :
$ 1 - cos B = \frac{1}{2}B^2 $
dengan syarat nilai $ B = 0 $ ketika disubstitusi nilai $ x $ nya.
*). Sifat bentuk akar : $ \sqrt{a.b} = \sqrt{a}. \sqrt{b} $

Jawab
Penyelesaian limitnya :
$\begin{align} & \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{1-\cos 4x^2}}{1-\cos 2x} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}(4x^2)^2}}{\frac{1}{2}(2x)^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}. 16x^4}}{\frac{1}{2}. 4x^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{8x^4}}{2x^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{8}. \sqrt{x^4}}{2x^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{2\sqrt{2}.x^2}{2x^2} \\ & = \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{2\sqrt{2} }{2 } \\ & = \frac{2\sqrt{2} }{2 } \\ & = \sqrt{2} \end{align} $
Jadi, hasilnya $ \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 0 } \frac{\sqrt{1-\cos 4x^2}}{1-\cos 2x} = \sqrt{2} . $